2-wire RTD

The following schematic diagrams show the relative effects of 2 ohms of total wire resistance on a thermistor circuit and on an RTD circuit:

Clearly, wire resistance is more problematic for low-resistance RTDs. In the RTD circuit, wire resistance counts for 1.96% of the total circuit resistance. In industrial temperature measurement applications where the temperature ranges are usually much wider, the nonlinearity of thermistors becomes a significant problem, so we must find a way to use low-resistance RTDs and deal with the (lesser) problem of wire resistance.

As shown by the diagram, a two-wire RTD would connect between terminals 2 and 3.

The above illustrations show both correct and incorrect ways to connect a 2-wire RTD to a 3- or 4-wire transmitter. Jumpers placed at the transmitter terminals defeat the purpose of the transmitter’s 3-wire or 4-wire capabilities, downgrading the performance to that of a 2-wire system.

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